![]() Right: what a shimmy looks like ( YouTube). Left: a shimmy event "damaged the wheel, tire, and shimmy damper" ( Boeing). Do not extend the flare by increasing pitch attitude in an attempt to achieve a perfectly smooth touchdown.Do not allow the airplane to float: fly the airplane onto the runway.I checked various Boeing/Airbus operating manuals, they do not state the target rate of the flare mode, but from the 747-400 flight crew training manual (page 6.11): They can also break landing gears (more on that below). Kiss landings (near 0 FPM) are undesirable, because they can't be achieved on regular basis without risking long landings. Which means we're looking at 60-180 FPM touchdown rate. ![]() Today's commercial autoland systems utilize the ILS (.) At around 30 ft above the ground, the aircraft enters the flare mode, during which the aircraft pitches up to reduce the vertical speed from its current descent rate to 1-3 ft/s by touchdown.
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